How LLMs Actually Work (0xkato.xyz) AI

The article provides an introductory walkthrough of how modern transformer-based LLMs work, starting from tokenization (text to integer IDs) and embeddings, then adding positional encoding (including RoPE) so the model knows order, and finally explaining attention via Q/K/V vectors, scaled dot-product matching, softmax weighting, and causal masking for left-to-right generation.